Detección de Personas Positivas a COVID-19 mediante el Análisis de Espectros ATR-FTIR de Muestras de Saliva empleando Machine Learning

Autores/as

  • Gustavo Jesús Vazquez-Zapien Escuela Militar de Medicina, Centro Militar de Ciencias de la Salud, Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional, México https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6657-0722
  • Monica Maribel Mata-Miranda Escuela Militar de Medicina, Centro Militar de Ciencias de la Salud, Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional, México
  • Adriana Martinez-Cuazitl Escuela Militar de Medicina, Centro Militar de Ciencias de la Salud, Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional, México https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1849-5190
  • Melissa Guerrero-Ruiz Escuela Militar de Medicina, Centro Militar de Ciencias de la Salud, Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional, México
  • Francisco Garibay-Gonzalez Escuela Militar de Medicina, Centro Militar de Ciencias de la Salud, Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional, México https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1071-5208
  • Miguel Sanchez-Brito Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Superior de Computación, México https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4371-0486

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17488/RMIB.43.3.5

Palabras clave:

Saliva, ATR-FTIR, Machine learning, COVID-19, Diagnosis

Resumen

La COVID-19 es una enfermedad infecciosa ocasionada por el virus SARS-CoV-2. La propagación de este virus se produce principalmente a través de gotitas liberadas por la nariz o la boca de una persona infectada. Aunque se han desarrollado vacunas que permiten reducir efectivamente los efectos que esta infección viral provoca, el método más eficaz para contener la propagación del virus son las numerosas pruebas para detectar y aislar los posibles portadores. Sin embargo, el tiempo de respuesta, combinado con el costo de las pruebas reales, hace que esta opción sea poco práctica. Aquí, comparamos algunas metodologías de machine learning para proponer una estrategia confiable para detectar personas positivas a COVID-19 analizando espectros de saliva obtenidos por espectroscopia infrarroja transformada de Fourier (FTIR). Tras analizar 1275 espectros, con 7 estrategias comúnmente empleadas en el área de machine learning, concluimos que un modelo de regresión lineal multivariante (MLMR) resulta ser la mejor opción para identificar posibles infectados. De acuerdo con nuestros resultados, el desplazamiento observado en la región de la amida I del espectro, resulta fundamental y confiable para establecer una frontera a partir del cambio de pendiente que este provoca. Al ser más ágil y económica que la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con transcriptasa inversa (RT-PCR), podría aplicarse confiablemente como estrategia preliminar a RT-PCR.

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Publicado

2022-12-31

Cómo citar

Vazquez-Zapien, G. J., Mata-Miranda, M. M., Martinez-Cuazitl, A., Guerrero-Ruiz, M., Garibay-Gonzalez, F., & Sanchez-Brito, M. (2022). Detección de Personas Positivas a COVID-19 mediante el Análisis de Espectros ATR-FTIR de Muestras de Saliva empleando Machine Learning. Revista Mexicana De Ingenieria Biomedica, 43(3), 44–59. https://doi.org/10.17488/RMIB.43.3.5

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